A recent study reveals that hair extensions, including both synthetic and natural varieties, frequently contain potentially dangerous chemicals linked to cancer, birth defects, and reproductive issues. The research, published in Environment & Health, tested 43 products, finding hazardous compounds in all but two. This discovery adds to a growing body of evidence highlighting chemical contamination in beauty and personal care products.
Chemical Contamination Widespread
The analysis detected at least 12 chemicals listed under California’s Proposition 65 as known hazards. Notably, nearly 10% of the tested extensions contained organotin compounds, which disrupt endocrine systems. Some samples exceeded regulatory limits set by the European Union. Researchers identified high concentrations of chlorine (up to 277,000 micrograms per gram in synthetic hair), fluorine, organohalogens, and nitroaromatics – all linked to health risks like lung irritation, impaired birth rates, and cancer.
Cultural Significance and Disproportionate Exposure
The findings are particularly concerning given that over 70% of Black women in the U.S. use hair extensions annually. Braiding and other extension-based styles are deeply rooted in Black culture, but this practice may expose wearers to elevated chemical exposure. This parallels existing research linking chemical relaxers to higher rates of uterine cancer, raising broader questions about the health impacts of beauty standards on marginalized communities.
Biobased Alternatives Are Not Always Safer
While biobased hair extensions (silk, banana fibers) are generally considered better alternatives, the study found that some “nontoxic” labeled products contained unidentified complex chemicals. This suggests that “biobased” doesn’t guarantee safety. The lead author, Elissia T. Franklin, emphasizes caution: “Biobased doesn’t automatically mean safer.”
What This Means
The study underscores a critical issue: chemical contamination in consumer products is more pervasive than previously understood. While the exact health effects of these exposures require further investigation, the findings highlight the need for increased regulation and transparency in the beauty industry. The widespread use of hair extensions means millions may be unknowingly exposed to hazardous compounds, warranting immediate attention from government agencies and consumers alike.
