Deep-sea sharks, including the ancient gulper shark, along with whale sharks and manta rays, have received increased protections against overfishing and exploitation, as announced Friday by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). This marks the first time that several deepwater shark species have been added to CITES’ regulated list, signaling growing international concern over their dwindling populations.
The Threat to Deep-Sea Species
Gulper sharks, which have inhabited the world’s oceans for millions of years, are now facing significant threats due to demand for their livers. These livers contain squalene, a key ingredient in cosmetics and other industrial products. The slow reproductive rate of these sharks makes them particularly vulnerable to unsustainable harvesting. Deepwater fishing techniques are expanding, further increasing the risk of population collapse.
Other species added to the CITES list include whale sharks, oceanic whitetip sharks, and manta rays. All commercial trade of these species and their by-products is now banned, reflecting their critically endangered status.
Why This Matters
The expansion of CITES protections is significant because deep-sea ecosystems are poorly understood and often overlooked in conservation efforts. These species play a vital role in marine food chains, and their decline could have cascading effects on ocean health. The increased monitoring standards and trade regulations aim to curb illegal fishing and ensure sustainable management of these vulnerable populations.
The decision also underscores a growing awareness of the economic pressures driving wildlife exploitation. Demand for squalene, for example, incentivizes the hunting of gulper sharks despite their slow recovery rates.
The new regulations are a critical step towards protecting these ancient species, but enforcement will be key to ensuring their long-term survival. Without strict implementation, illegal trade could continue to undermine conservation efforts.
